Situational interest is only temporary and is focused on something in an individual's environment that is new or unusual. Situational interests will vary with gender, age, and personal experiences, but the topics of death, danger, sex, and romance, for example, appear to be sources of interest that are uniquely human (Ormrod, 2008).
Personal interests are those things that are inately interesting to a person and may evolve into a hobby or even a career given sufficient opportunity (Smith, 1999). Researchers believe that personal interests probably stem from an individual's unique experiences. Interests and knowledge seem to have an interrelationship in that a particular interest may result in aquisition of further knowledge and, in turn, further knowledge may foster even greater knowledge (Ormrod, 2008).
Effective motivation for an individual also includes two subjective variables: expectancy and value.
Expectancy is a person's perceived chances of success at a particular activity or their belief in whether they can accomplish a task and the degree of self-efficacy they possess. Self-efficacy is the personal belief regarding one's general abilities and varies from task to task, depending on the percieved difficulty. Value is defined as the direct or indirect benefit one expects to receive for completing a task (Ormrod,2008).
References
Ormrod, J.E. (2008). Human learning (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall
Smith, M.K. (1999). Learning Theory: The Encyclopedia of Informal Education. Accessed from
www.infed.org/biblio/b-learn.htm
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